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This article describes the use, market penetration and market share of new car sales of electric cars by country. It also provides historical background, fleet size, existing government incentives, and deployment details by country. The article encompasses both low-speed neighborhood electric vehicle (NEVs) and highway-capable all-electric cars (BEVs). Several countries publish their statistics and have purchase incentives schemes in place for the more general category of plug-in electric cars (PEVs), which includes also plug-in hybrids (PHEVs). Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are not included because they can not be plugged and recharged from an off-vehicle electric energy source. By mid-September 2015, over one million highway legal plug-in electric passenger cars and light utility vehicles have been sold worldwide, representing less than 0.1% of the world's stock of motor vehicles, estimated at 1.2 billion vehicles by mid 2014.〔〔〔 , the United States is the leading market with a stock of over 363,000 plug-in electric cars delivered since 2008. China ranked second with over 157,000 units sold since 2011, followed by Japan with more than 121,000 plug-in units sold since 2009.〔 , over 310,000 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles have been registered in the European market since 2010.〔 ''Cumulative plug-in hybrid and all-electric sales in Europe totaled 233,022 units as of December 2014.''〕〔 ''A total of 77,259 plug-in electric cars were sold in Europe during the first half of 2015, consisting of 40,558 all-electric cars and 36,701 plug-in hybrids.''〕 , European sales are led by Norway with almost 66,000 new light-duty plug-in vehicles registered, followed by the Netherlands with over 61,000 all-electric cars and light utility vans, and France with over 59,000 plug-in electric vehicles registered.〔 Norway is the country with the highest market penetration per capita in the world, also the country with the largest plug-in electric segment market share of new car sales, and in March 2014 Norway became the first country where over 1 in every 100 passenger cars on the roads is a plug-in electric vehicle.〔〔〔 Estonia, which has the second largest EV market penetration per capita after Norway,〔 is the first country that completed the deployment of an EV charging network with nationwide coverage, with fast chargers available along highways at a minimum distance of between .〔〔 ==Global outlook== By mid-September 2015, over one million highway legal plug-in electric passenger cars and light utility vehicles have been sold worldwide, representing less than 0.1% of the world's stock of motor vehicles, estimated at 1.2 billion vehicles by mid 2014.〔 ''Over 1.2 billion vehicles are on the world’s roads by mid 2014, and more than 95% belong to the light-duty segment, which includes highway-capable passenger cars, trucks, and commercial vehicles weighing up to 10,000 lbs. Of these vehicles, more than 96% utilize a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) powered by either gasoline or diesel.''〕 When sales are broken down by type of powertrain, all-electric cars have oversold plug-in hybrids, with the pure electrics capturing 62% of global sales by mid-September 2015.〔 Sales of plug-in electric vehicles achieved the one million milestone almost twice as fast as hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). While it took four years and 10 months to reach one-million PEV sales, it took more than around nine years and a few months for HEVs to reach its first million sales.〔〔 Between 2007 and 2010, only 11,768 plug-in electric vehicles were sold worldwide.〔 ''See the infograph (Electric car sales lack spark ) for yearly sales between 2007 and 2010''.〕 By comparison, during the Golden Age of the electric car at the beginning of the 20th century, the EV stock peaked at approximately 30,000 vehicles. After the introduction of the Nissan Leaf and the Chevrolet Volt in December 2010, the first mass-production plug-in cars by major carmakers, PEV sales jumped in 2011 to 45,000 units, increased to 119,300 in 2012, and reached 206,000 plug-in electric cars and utility vans in 2013.〔 Sales rose to over 307,000 units in 2014, up about 50% from 2013.〔〔 Frost & Sullivan forecasted that over 480,000 plug-in electric vehicles will be sold globally in 2015, with Europe and China predicted to be the fastest growing markets. Euromonitor International estimates that about 430,000 plug-in electric vehicles will be sold worldwide in 2015, and the global light-duty plug-in electric vehicle stock will reach 1.13 million at the end of 2015. During 2014 six countries achieved plug-in electric car sales with a market share higher than 1% of total new car sales, Norway (13.84%), the Netherlands (3.87%), Iceland (2.71%), Estonia (1.57%), Sweden (1.53%), and Japan (1.06%).〔'' See section "Engines of Growth - by EV share" Estonia's market shared in 2014 climbed to 1.57% from 0.68% in 2013. Iceland's market share grew from 0.21% in 2012, to 0.94% in 2013, to 2.71% in 2014.''〕〔 The following table presents the top ranking countries according to their PEV market share of total new car sales in 2014. The table also shows the corresponding market share for 2013 for the overall segment, and for each of the following segments: all-electric (BEV), and plug-in hybrid (PHEV). Several countries experienced a rapid growth of their plug-in car market during 2014. Total sales of new energy vehicles in China, including heavy-duty vehicles, were up 320% year-on-year, and the plug-in hybrids segment experience a faster growth, up 880% from 2013.〔 The British market experienced a surge of plug-in car sales during 2014. Plug-in electric car registrations in the UK quadruple from 3,586 in 2013 to 14,498 units in 2014. Registrations in the plug-in hybrid segment were up 628% from 2013.〔〔 Registrations of plug-in super clean cars in Sweden in 2014 were up 202.1% from 2013.〔 Registrations of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in Norway, including used imports, were up 119.9% from a year earlier, and sales of plug-in hybrids were up 411.6% from 2013.〔 The plug-in hybrid segment in the German market in 2014 experienced a growth of 226.9% year-over-year, and the overall plug-in segment increased 75.5% from a year earlier.〔 ''A total of 13,049 plug-in electric vehicles were registered in 2014 consisting of 4,527 plug-in hybrids and 8522 electric cars. ''〕〔 As of December 2014, the United States has the largest fleet of highway legal plug-in electric vehicles in the world, with over 295,000 units delivered since the market launch of the Tesla Roadster in 2008, including passenger cars, utility vans and commercial trucks. U.S. sales are led by California with 129,470 plug-in electric vehicles registered between December 2010 and December 2014, representing about 45% of all plug-in cars sold in the U.S. since 2010. During 2014 California's PEV market share reached 3.2% of total new car sales in the state, up from 2.5% in 2013. As of December 2014, California had more plug-in electric vehicles than any other country, and its market share is surpassed only by Norway and the Netherlands.〔〔 American sales represented 41% of global PEV sales as of December 2014.〔 Japan ranks second with about 108,000 units sold since 2009, with 15% of global sales, followed by China with more than 83,000 plug-in passenger cars sold since 2008 (12%).〔 Since 2010, over 228,000 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles have been registered in the European market as of December 2014, representing 32% of global sales.〔 ''See Figure 1.1 Electric Vehicle sales in Europe since 2010. Only pure electric cars are reported. In 2010 there were no production plug-in hybrids in sale in Europe.''〕〔 ''See table "Total Electrically Charged Vehicles: Total Europe (EU+EFTA)", 65,071 registered units for 2013 and 97,791 units for 2014. For Denmark, Ireland and Romania includes only pure electric vehicles. Total Electrically Charged Vehicles = Pure Electric Vehicles + Extended‐Range Electric Vehicles + Plug‐In Hybrid Electric Vehicles.''〕 As of December 2014, European sales are led by the Netherlands with 45,020 light-duty plug-in vehicles registered (6.3%),〔 ''See total 2014 registration by type of PEV under the heading "31-12-2014". The market share of the plug-in electric passenger car segment in 2014 was 3.86% of total new passenger car registrations.''〕 followed by France with 43,605 all-electric cars and light utility vans sold since 2010 (6.1%), Norway with over 43,442 plug-in electric vehicles registered (6.8%).〔 Other top selling countries are Germany with over 25,000 units registered (3.5%),〔〔 the UK with over 24,500 units (3.4%),〔 Canada with 10,658 plug-in cars sold since 2011 (1.5%),〔 and Sweden with 8,076 (1.1%).〔〔 In the heavy-duty segment, China is the world's leader , with about 36,500 all-electric buses out of a global stock of 46,000 electric buses.〔 Norway is the country with the highest market penetration per capita in the world, with four plug-in electric vehicles per 1000 inhabitants in 2013. In March 2014, Norway became the first country where over 1 in every 100 passenger cars on the roads is a plug-in electric.〔 Norway also has the world's largest plug-in electric segment market share of total new car sales, 13.8% in 2014, up from 5.6% in 2013.〔〔 Ranking second is the Netherlands, with a market share of 3.87% in 2014.〔 The following table presents plug-in electric vehicle stock and PEV market share of new car sales for 2014 and 2013 for the ten countries with the largest plug-in electric-drive fleets . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Electric car use by country」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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